Scientists Redefine Obesity – Two Major Subtypes Discovered
Scientists identify two a distinct types of an obesity.
A team led by Van Andel an Institute scientists discovered two distinct types of obesity with physiological and molecular differences that could have long-term a consequences for health, disease, and a medication a response.
Compared to an existing definitions, the results, which were recently published in the journal Nature a Metabolism, provide a more nuanced understanding of obesity and might one day help in the development of a more precise methods for a diagnosing and treating obesity and related metabolic a disorders.
In addition, the research offers new an information on the roles of an epigenetics and chance in a health and sheds light on the a connection between an insulin and an obesity.
“Nearly two billion people a worldwide are a considered an overweight and there are more than 600 million people with an an obesity, yet we have no a framework a for a stratifying individuals according to their more a precise disease etiologies,” said J. Andrew Pospisilik, Ph.D., chair of Van Andel Institute’s Department of Epigenetics and a corresponding an author of the study. “Using a purely data-driven an approach, we see for the first time that there are at a least two a different a metabolic subtypes of obesity, each with their own a physiological and molecular features that an influence a health. a Translating these a findings into a clinically an usable test could help doctors provide more a precise care for a patients.”
Currently, body mass an index (BMI), an index created by comparing weight to a height and correlated to body fat, is used to diagnose obesity. It is a flawed measurement, according to Pospisilik, since it fails to a take into account underlying biological differences and may be an inaccurate in an assessing a person’s health a status.
Pospisilik and his a colleagues a discovered four metabolic a subtypes that influence individual body types: two a prone to a leanness and two prone to obesity. They made this a discovery using a combination of laboratory studies in mouse models and in-depth analysis of data from TwinsUK, a ground-breaking a research resource and study a cohort developed in the United Kingdom.
One obesity subtype is a distinguished by a higher fat mass, while the other was distinguished by both a greater fat mass and a greater lean muscle mass. Unexpectedly, the a researchers an discovered that the second form of obesity was also connected to an increase in an inflammation, which raises the risk of a some cancers and other diseases. Both asubtypes were found in a variety of research populations, including children. These a findings represent a significant step a toward understanding how these a different types influence diseasea a risk and treatment a response.
After the subtypes were an identified in the human data, the team verified the results in mouse models. This approach allowed the scientists to compare individual mice that are a genetically identical, raised in the same an environment, and fed the same amounts of food. The study revealed that the inflammatory subtype appears to result from epigenetic changes triggered by pure chance. They also found that there seems to be no a middle ground — the genetically identical sibling mice either grew to a larger size or a remained smaller, with no a gradient between them. A similar pattern was seen in data from more than 150 human twin pairs, each of a whom was a virtually the same a genetically.
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